• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Signaling system, of the evolution of the braking maneuver, dynamic and with visual proportionality with respect to the loss of speed of the vehicle, with a response sensitivity of the fixed or programmed system, in each braking maneuver, which allows a proportionality visual and unambiguous dynamic representation of the vehicle's speed variation during braking. Applicable with advantages to any type of vehicle, with explosion engine, electric or hybrid, manual driving or autonomous operation. The system can be applied to both the brake lights and the third brake light (brake light on high) indistinctly or together, further reinforcing the dynamic effect of attention and the transmission of information. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2695773A1
    申请号:ES201700657
    申请日:2017-07-07
    公开日:2019-01-10
    发明作者:Alvarez Maria José Herrero；La Morena De Castro Manuel De；La Morena De Castro Alberto De
    申请人:Herrero Alvarez Maria Jose；La Morena De Castro Manuel De；La Morena De Castro Alberto De；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] System of signaling of the dynamic and proportional braking maneuver.
    [0003]
    [0004] Description
    [0005]
    [0006] System of signaling, of the evolution of the braking maneuver, dynamic and with proportional visual with respect to the loss of speed, with a response sensitivity of the fixed or programmed system, in each braking maneuver, consequently giving a representation of illumination proportional according to a straight line, curve, band or figure, in response to the loss of speed of the vehicle during the braking maneuver. The present invention is framed within the light indicator systems of vehicles.
    [0007]
    [0008] State of the art
    [0009]
    [0010] Since Florence A. Bridgwood, at the beginning of the 20th century, invented the first braking signal (stop sign that appears when the brake pedal is depressed), this indication has evolved to the current brake lights that, incremente after more than a century, do not do more than indicate the same as then "that the driver has depressed the brake pedal of your vehicle."
    [0011]
    [0012] As the speed of the vehicles and the quality of the roads have been increasing, this information is becoming increasingly insufficient, since the reaction times of the driver, faced with a braking maneuver, have drastically shortened.
    [0013]
    [0014] Subsequently, to reduce this reaction time, the third brake light (or brake light on raised) appeared to shorten the warning time of "driver pressing the brake pedal of your vehicle", since this third brake light allows (in some cases) be seen through the rear window of the vehicles that precede us, thus shortening the reaction times. Although it has been demonstrated that the third brake light does not reduce accidents by more than 5%, it must be borne in mind that, currently, installing a third brake light is quite cheap and that although it only reduces collisions by a small percentage Everything is profitable if you avoid accidents.
    [0015]
    [0016] Another advance, more than a century later, has been the indicators of emergency braking. The lack of attention of the driver during the driving and the unexpected events, responsible for a multitude of accidents, are tried to alleviate by the use of high intensity LEDs and / or by the blinking or increased intensity emitted by the brake lights (indicators of emergency braking) but, to date, the studies conducted in vehicles circulating have not shown any significant improvement and if it has been observed that, in the long run, they will produce, especially in short distances, damage in the sight of other drivers and, in any case, the emergency indication almost always occurs when it is no longer possible to avoid the accident.
    [0017] The last advance, in the 21st century, are the radars and sensors installed in the front of the vehicles, which defend (only the vehicles that incorporate them) of frontal impact (with a pedestrian, an obstacle or another vehicle) but they can not avoid the rear reach of the vehicles that follow them (unless they incorporate the same system) and their reliability, at 100%, is currently very questionable. The real efficiency of these systems will come when all vehicles in the world can incorporate, in the front zone, these systems and also be redundant or with some other formula that increases their reliability. That moment is too far for economic cost and unresolved problems, which means, during this time, a number of accidents with injuries and / or loss of life, that is, a very high social and economic cost.
    [0018] In addition, all these systems also leave other issues unresolved:
    [0019]
    [0020] 1a. - When the light of the Sun affects the catadioptrics of the brake lights of a vehicle, the reflection makes it seem that the pilot is illuminated, although it is not really this, generating disinformation in the other drivers. This phenomenon never occurs when the illuminated surface varies with the loss of speed, since the areas that illuminate are easily distinguished from those that are reflecting the ambient light.
    [0021]
    [0022] 2a.- The perception of the human being, with respect to the speed of his vehicle, is based on the sensitivity of the body to the forces of inertia (very subjective) and mainly on the variation of the relative position of his vehicle with respect to the environment . In case of fog, rain, dust, snow, etc. the perception of the relative variation with respect to the environment diminishes enormously which, very often, gives rise to accidents by chain reaches, with many drivers involved and the consequent injuries in the users and economic costs. The present invention does not present this problem as it minimizes the need for external references.
    [0023]
    [0024] 3 a.- The joint flashing of the emergency lights of several vehicles can give rise to a high frequency of high value that can be detrimental to health, generating discomfort and even epileptic attacks in sensitive persons.
    [0025]
    [0026] 4 a.- The mentioned systems, in case of failure, cause the accident that they try to avoid. In the present invention this does not occur, since, in the absence of signal, the proportional dynamic brake indication system functions as a conventional brake light (zero signal equal to the entire illuminated surface).
    [0027]
    [0028] The patents and utility models are known that, using decelerometers, mechanisms in the brake pedal, the pressure of the hydraulic circuit of the brakes, frontal radars, etc. increase the intensity emitted by the brake lights or vary their shape, trigger emergency braking indications with flares of the brake lights, or turning on the warning, when the brake pedal stroke, brake system pressure, deceleration or the distance / speed ratio exceeds a preset value, such as: US6163256, CN2302166, US2017028906, UA60311, US5610578, DE102013002308, TW201100280, KR20140129592, and others.
    [0029]
    [0030] Almost all of them are only visible and understandable from short distances. Its visibility and effectiveness depends largely on the environmental conditions are not adverse (fog, snow, rain, dust, etc.) and some of them depend on the characteristics of the vehicle, even at every moment.
    [0031]
    [0032] All these patents and utility models must be adapted to each particular vehicle or add elements for its operation.
    [0033]
    [0034] The present invention does not present these problems and minimizes the need for external references.
    [0035]
    [0036] Description of the invention
    [0037]
    [0038] A braking maneuver is rarely instantaneous (emergency braking) but it develops for a longer or shorter time and can start being smooth, or more or less abrupt and at some point become, or not, in an emergency braking, since the maneuver itself consists of consecutive instants but with an evolution of deceleration that does not have to be decreasing or constant over time. During a braking maneuver of any kind, a dynamic representation using the parameter deceleration is not possible without an "accordion effect" of the set of lights (increase and decrease the number of lights that illuminate and therefore the illuminated surface, due to the variation of the deceleration during the maneuver's indication) which misinforms more than informs and generates surprise and over-reactions in other drivers, so they can cause the accident that is to be avoided.
    [0039]
    [0040] To solve these situations, the present invention considers the problem focusing on the concept of braking maneuver, taking into account what was explained above, that is: not as an event of a given moment, but as a set of events that allow its dynamic representation , progressive with visual proportionality to the loss of speed and a representation of the functioning of the system, dynamic, simple and intuitive indicating how braking evolves during the duration of the same and therefore indicating, to the drivers who follow us, what is the intensity of braking that is being carried out at each moment and how it evolves.
    [0041]
    [0042] The first effect of the present invention, to be dynamic, is to attract attention to the braking maneuver that the driver of the vehicle is performing, at all times of the same (be this maneuver of the type that is at every moment). The second is to inform the other drivers how to stop the vehicle and, in the event that during the maneuver there is an emergency situation, the system will be functioning as a pre-warning of that moment (since initially it has overwhelmed with its representation dynamic, proportional, the attention of other drivers).
    [0043]
    [0044] Consequently, the other drivers know what the driver that precedes them is doing, at all times, thus shortening the response time to any unexpected situation. The abrupt variation of the speed of illumination and of the illuminated surface will indicate, by itself, an emergency braking.
    [0045]
    [0046] Advantage:
    [0047]
    [0048] The brake indication system, dynamic and proportional, does not suffer from any of the problems or constraints of the current brake lights, including emergency lights:
    [0049] - In the braking indication system, dynamic and proportional, the increase in light intensity is not necessary since the movement attracts, unintentionally, the attention of the other drivers (proof of this is that there is no emergency vehicle whose lights main warning signs are static).
    [0050]
    [0051] - The present invention does not depend on a moment of braking and therefore if at that moment we are looking at the vehicle in front, the mirror, the velocimeter, etc. since the visualization of its operation, being dynamic at all times, does not induce confusion.
    [0052] - It is independent of the characteristics of the vehicle such as type, engine power, braking system, state of vehicle load, state of wear of the vehicle's brake elements (brake pads, brake hoses, brake discs, type of wheels and your state, etc.) and therefore is applicable to any type of vehicle, without the need for modifications of any kind or added elements.
    [0053]
    [0054] - In the present invention, since the surface is illuminated with visual proportionality to the loss of vehicle speed and response sensitivity of the fixed or programmed system, in each braking maneuver, no "accordion effect" can be produced (since the speed , during all the maneuver, it will be at all times decreasing or as little constant).
    [0055] - Representation visible and easily understandable at short and long distances.
    [0056] - The amount and speed of the ignition progression of the luminous elements or assemblies, which make up the illuminated surface, makes no other type of indication necessary in case of emergency braking.
    [0057]
    [0058] - The loss of the sensations of speed and situation do not affect the perception of the braking maneuver. In the present invention the represented braking maneuver depends solely on the understanding of the dynamic representation of the braking, at every moment, by quantity and speed of ignition and the quantity and speed of illuminated sets or lights.
    [0059] - In the case of the third brake light, it is implemented as easily as removing the existing one and placed one with the dynamic braking indication system, proportional integrated in it.
    [0060]
    [0061] - In case of signal loss, the dynamic, proportional braking indication system acts as a conventional brake light. Other differentiating advantages, from the industrial point of view, of this system are:
    [0062]
    [0063] - As a component of a vehicle it can be implemented immediately in the production line of any vehicle manufacturer. The normal thing is that, in line of production of vehicles, any new element is integrated into them after 3 or 4 years, due to the modifications to be made in manufacturing operations.
    [0064]
    [0065] - As an accessory of any vehicle already manufactured, it has the advantage of low cost and easy installation since it is not necessary to make modifications and provides a considerable increase in safety.
    [0066]
    [0067] - The present invention does not need any data bus, sensors or additional wiring which, together with its independence from the vehicle electronics, prevent it from being hacked.
    [0068]
    [0069] In summary: Simple assembly, continuous clear and inequlvocal signals, manufacture with current means, reasonably simple comprehension, high security, low cost, installable in any type of vehicle, practicality and enormous potential to prevent rear-end accidents and their consequences between any kind and type of vehicles.
    [0070] Functioning:
    [0071]
    [0072] The dynamic, proportional braking indication system consists of a triaxial decelerometer (or similar) that delivers its signal to a microprocessor which, by integration, obtains the vehicle speed at each moment of braking and a program, which proportionally (of any suitable type), controls the ignition of a consecutive series of lights (whose ignition path can be any type of line, band or figure) that gives as a consequence a variable luminous surface (that can be, for instants, constant or increasing) which confers a visual proportionality to the loss of speed of the vehicle and a sensitivity of system operation, fixed or programmed, during all the time that the driver is pressing the brake pedal.
    [0073]
    [0074] This system allows (in the case of vehicles with automatic or semi-automatic change) that also the loss of speed due to the retention of the engine / change is reflected during braking, since it is a loss of speed of the vehicle and, if it is pressing the brake pedal, will be reflected (although this loss of speed is not due to the brake circuit).
    [0075] Obviously the system can also be, only, an indicator of emergency braking, if desired, without the need for modifications since it is enough to program the microprocessor with velocity environments, function of the initial detected speed, out of which the lights they work in a conventional way and within which the lights enter into an animated representation of illumination or simply into flame.
    [0076] The microprocessor integrates, at each predetermined moment, the signal of deceleration to obtain the instantaneous speed of the vehicle during the entire time that we are pressing the brake pedal, but blocks any signal value of speed higher than the previous one read, that can be produced at any moment (situation that can occur, for example, going down a steep slope if the brake pedal is not pressed enough or they are heated until fading). This blockage means, from the practical point of view, that the system keeps the indication reached invariable until the new signal of instantaneous speed obtained is lower than the last received decrease, at which time it will continue with the ignition progression corresponding to the successive instants . As the speed decreases, the system switches on, proportionally visual to the loss of speed and with a fixed or programmed response sensitivity, the lights that have been implemented in the two brake lights, in the third brake light or in the set, in a convergent or divergent way.
    [0077] The sensitivity of fixed response or programmed variation, the lighting of the lights is a possibility that arises because, during any type of braking, the most critical moments are at the beginning and at the end of it, so in those moments it is desirable that the sensitivity and speed of response of the system be greater.
    [0078] System Components:
    [0079] - Tri-axial deceleration sensor (or simple, or similar) that delivers your signal to:
    [0080] - Microprocessor that delivers to the lighting system an ignition order with visual proportionality to the loss of speed and sensitivity of fixed or programmed response. The speed is the integral of the deceleration in time, therefore the microprocessor obtains it from the decelerometer at each moment and determines a response sensitivity of the system, fixed or programmed, as a function of the initial speed in each braking and the number of lights that make up the lighting system.
    [0081] - Program that controls the lighting of the lights and allows a response with visual proportionality to the loss of speed which provides an ignition sequence, with a response sensitivity, fixed or programmed, which is in any case a function of the speed read in the initial moment.
    [0082] - Response sensitivity results from the relationship between the initial speed, in each braking maneuver, and the number of lighting elements implemented, in each case, for the representation (brake lights, third brake light or both). It can be fixed or vary in a programmed manner, according to the section and / or value of the instantaneous speed.
    [0083] - Electronic board (PCB) with deceleration sensor, integrated or not, protector for overvoltage and inversion of polarity, voltage regulator, microprocessor, transistors, lights, resistors and capacitors necessary for the correct operation described (be pilot lights, third light of brake or both), or any suitable support for those elements (rigid insulating support like plastic or flexible like Kapton, etc.).
    [0084] The microprocessor integrates the deceleration read at the first instant, thus obtaining! the speed at that moment, and divides its value by half the number of lights that make up the phases of ignition of the third brake light (or between the number of lights that make up each brake light in your case), which provides to the system the sensitivity of ignition, which can be configured as fixed or programmed, depending on the initial instantaneous speed, against the loss of speed when acting on the brake pedal. As the speed varies, obtained by the microprocessor of the decelerometer, in the successive instants, the microprocessor generates the ignition illuminating, dynamically and proportionally, the corresponding lights until reaching the zero value (if it is reached) that will coincide with the stopped vehicle ( all the light on - be the third brake light, brake lights or both).
    [0085]
    [0086] The representation of the braking maneuver is made proportionally visually with respect to the loss of speed and with a response sensitivity of the fixed or programmed system (in both cases progressing the ignition of the center to the edges Fig. 1- (b) and Fig. 2- (d) or from the edges to the center Fig. 1- (a) and 2- (c)), by means of the brake lights or the third brake light (of each or of the assembly of both elements as in Fig. 3) during the entire braking.
    [0087]
    [0088] You can also use the decelerometer signal (for example the emergency braking), the on-board computer or other systems or elements of the vehicle, but the use of the signals of these elements implies a data bus from these systems or elements (usually installed in the front part of the vehicle) up to the brake lights (always installed in the rear), with the consequent increase and increase of interference problems (emitted / received). One of the main problems in the design of any vehicle is the wiring of the electrical and electronic systems that compose it and even more the data bus necessary for the operation of some systems, since they can produce or receive interferences that affect the operation of the systems of the vehicle itself or of others.
    [0089]
    [0090] Obviously in case of sliding on water sheet (aquaplaning) when pressing the brake pedal, the system will indicate the loss of speed of the vehicle as the water slows it down, regardless of whether the wheels brake, are blocked or not.
    [0091]
    [0092] When using a divergent ignition (Fig. 1- (b) and Fig. 2- (d)), at the ends of the line of illumination, separate luminous elements can be placed that light up from the first moment in which it is pressed brake pedal and remain in this state until you stop pressing the pedal. Its utility lies in giving information, to other drivers, of what is the effective length of the system, for when the lack of ambient light does not allow to distinguish the dimensions of the brake lights or of the third brake light or of the assembly.
    [0093]
    [0094] Description of the drawings
    [0095]
    [0096] Figure - 1: Represents the possibility of a stop of brake pilots, with a convergent (a) and divergent ignition (b) respectively.
    [0097]
    [0098] Figure - 2: Represents a third brake light (or over-raised brake light) with a diverging (c) and converging (d) ignition.
    [0099]
    [0100] Figure - 3: Set of brake lights and third brake light acting in a coordinated convergent manner (first the brake lights and then the third brake light) or diverging.
    [0101] In any case of possible representation, the operation can be carried out both in a simple and coordinated way and both convergent and divergent, so! as a fixed, programmed or emergency proportional dynamic.
    [0102]
    [0103] Preferential realization
    [0104]
    [0105] The braking indication system, progressive, proportional dynamics applied to a third brake light, of any type of vehicle, operating in a divergent manner (switching on from the center to the edges - Fig. 1- (b) and 2) is described below. - (d)).
    [0106]
    [0107] This description, which is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, is applied to a third brake light because it is the simplest and most universal way to implement the system in any vehicle (of any number of wheels or axles, braking system). or propulsion, etc.) with the lowest cost (since from the point of view of installation simply needs the alimentation of the existing one) but providing a considerable increase in the safety of the vehicle and its occupants, being also its initial operation as the of any conventional brake light but immediately differentiating clearly and easily understandable by its transmission of information.
    [0108]
    [0109] The system is, in this case, fully integrated into the housing of a third brake light, the decelerometer occupying a position centered on the longitudinal axis of the vehicle (for simplicity of the signal and the processing thereof) and connected to the electronic board (PCB) on which the entire electronic and lighting system necessary for its operation is mounted.
    [0110]
    [0111] When the user presses the brake pedal of his vehicle, the electric current arrives at the third brake light of the vehicle, which produces the deceleration sensor and the PCB supply, that is, the electronic system of the brake indication system. dynamic and proportional, (you can also feed the deceleration sensor continuously and independently and input your signal to the system, for example through a relay, when you press the brake pedal), so the microprocessor receives the signal from the Decelerometer in that instant with which determines the speed of the vehicle at that moment.
    [0112]
    [0113] From this initial value obtained, the microprocessor determines an initial instantaneous speed which gives rise, according to its program, to a dynamic ignition progression proportional to the speed of the successive instants during braking, with a fixed or programmed sensitivity of its value. The speed at the beginning of the braking, the number of lights in the system and the installed program, is determined by the response of the system, that is, it determines the amount of speed that the vehicle must lose in order to light the next light (or set of them) and how quickly. Therefore, in each braking, the microprocessor determines a different value of the sensitivity of the system to the variation of the speed, since the initial instantaneous speed will be, in general, different each time a braking is performed.
    [0114] This obtained sensitivity can be fixed or respond to a predetermined program according to certain instants and parameters.
    [0115]
    [0116] If it is desired, as mentioned above, to have a higher sensitivity at the beginning and at the end of the braking maneuver or any similar type of distribution (more sensitive only at the beginning or only at the end) it is enough to program the microprocessor with environments of different sensitivity or in any other suitable way.
    [0117]
    [0118] The distribution of this sensitivity can be done for any number of environments, with different characteristics per environment. One environment can be an operational function around the initial velocity and another environment around the velocity zero value, while in the The space between both can be a linear function (regardless of whether the ignition is one, two or more sources of simultaneous ignition light). The programmed function can be the one mentioned or any other that is considered opportune, its initial value being determined by the relation between the initial instantaneous speed and the number of lights or set of lights, of ignition available.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    1. - Braking maneuver signaling system, dynamic and with visual proportional lighting to the loss of speed and response sensitivity of the fixed or programmed system, comprised by a microprocessor that receives a signal of the deceleration of the vehicle from which it obtains The speed of the same and whose program determines the response to the loss of speed of the vehicle during all the time that the driver is pressing the brake pedal, representing this loss through the lighting of luminous elements (of individual or grouped lighting) implemented in the Brake pilots, the third brake light or both, acting both convergent and divergent, coordinated or independent.
    [2]
    2. - System for signaling the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the visual proportionality to the loss of speed is a function of the sensitivity of the system.
    [3]
    3. - System for signaling the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the response sensitivity of the system can be fixed or programmed by a certain function.
    [4]
    4. System for signaling the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the microprocessor is programmed so that the system acts, separately or jointly, as an indicator of emergency braking, giving a dynamic representation according to the regulations for this utility.
    [5]
    5. - System for signaling the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the signal received by the microprocessor, at each instant, is supplied by any of the vehicle systems.
    [6]
    6. - System for signaling the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the speed signal of the vehicle is obtained, at each instant, by means of the signal delivered by a decelerometer of the triaxial type or of any other type, incorporated or not to the system board.
    [7]
    7. - System for signaling the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that the decelerometer is only powered and delivers its signal when the brake pedal is depressed.
    [8]
    8. - Signaling system of the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the decelerometer is powered independently of the system board but only delivers its signal to the system when the brake pedal is depressed.
    [9]
    9. - Signaling system of the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claim 1, wherein the representation of the system is applied only to the brake pilots in a coordinated, convergent or divergent, between them.
    [10]
    10. - System for signaling the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the representation of the system is applied, converging or divergent, only to the third brake light.
    [11]
    11. - System for signaling the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the system representation is applied jointly to the brake lamps and to the third brake light in a convergent or divergent coordinated manner.
    [12]
    12. - System for signaling the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the representation of the system is applied together to the brake lights and to the third brake light independently.
    [13]
    13. - System for signaling the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the ignition sensitivity of the system is obtained from the initial instantaneous speed and is a constant during the entire braking.
    [14]
    14. - System for signaling the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the ignition sensitivity of the system is obtained from the initial instantaneous speed and is variable according to instantaneous velocity environments determined by a programmed function.
    [15]
    15. - Signaling system of the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the luminous representation in the brake indicators (pilots or third brake light) can be linear, curved, surface, band, or any proper figure.
    [16]
    16. - System for signaling the braking maneuver of a vehicle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the divergent representation in the third brake light incorporates, at the ends, fixed luminous elements during braking, to define the ends of the braking maneuver. Illuminating surface and that light up independently of the loss of speed, when pressing the brake pedal.
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    同族专利:
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    ES2695773B2|2020-05-27|
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    法律状态:
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